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As PDD Holdings' Temu moved into more than 40 countries in 2023, reportedly spending more than $2 billion on marketing, employees say the work culture took a toll on their personal lives and health. (Photo by Yuki Kohara)

Inside PDD, China's e-commerce titan behind Temu and Pinduoduo

Efforts to surpass Alibaba at home and chase Amazon abroad come with human cost

HONG KONG -- It was 2006, at a conference in San Francisco, and Amazon founder Jeff Bezos was crouched down in a packed auditorium attentively taking notes. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, was introducing a hushed crowd to the company that would come to dominate China's e-commerce market. It would have been hard to imagine back then that Alibaba would eventually take on the American e-commerce giant in China and win.

Fast forward 17 years and Bezos might have another Chinese counterpart to worry about: PDD Holdings, the parent of domestic online retailer Pinduoduo and cross-border e-commerce platform Temu. With the backing of tech giant Tencent Holdings, PDD extended its domestic experience of Pinduoduo and embarked on a grand overseas push.

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