TOKYO/NEW YORK -- In the latest moves to ease trade tensions between the U.S. and China, President Donald Trump cut the duties Washington slapped on China for its role in the American fentanyl crisis to 10% from 20% following a summit with President Xi Jinping last month, while Beijing suspended its duties of up to 15% on U.S. soybeans and other products.
Washington also extended its suspension of heightened "reciprocal" tariffs on Chinese imports by a year to Nov. 10, 2026.
Trump imposed unilateral tariffs on many countries and duties on specific items such as steel and automobiles in the first months of his second term. His bid to revive American manufacturing has rattled Asian economies that rely heavily on exports for prosperity.
Sweeping levies of up to 41% on nearly all American trading partners took effect on Aug. 7. Rates for reciprocal tariffs for all Asian nations were increased from a baseline of 10% and were set at varying levels, depending on whether each managed to secure a trade agreement with Washington.
Trump's executive order also includes a 40% tariff on goods that are determined by U.S. customs as transshipped, though it is not clear how that is defined.
Most of the new tariffs were ruled unlawful by a U.S. trade court on May 28 but are still being collected pending an appeals court review. If the U.S. government loses its appeal, it has said it will ask the Supreme Court to intervene. The tariffs on steel and automobiles are unaffected by the legal challenge.
Separately from reciprocal tariffs, the Trump administration has imposed additional tariffs on a global scale, with a few exceptions, on certain items under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. It argues that importing such items threatens national security.
Authorities are investigating whether to impose additional tariffs on other products, such as pharmaceuticals and semiconductors, using the same legal framework.
Major developments in U.S. tariffs
| March 12, 2025 | A 25% tariff on steel and aluminum products takes effect on all countries with no exceptions. |
| April 2 | President Donald Trump announces "reciprocal" tariffs. |
| April 3 | A 25% tariff on automobiles takes effect. |
| April 5 | A 10% "baseline" tariff is imposed on nearly all imported goods. |
| April 9 | The "reciprocal" tariffs take effect. |
| April 10 | President Trump pauses non-China reciprocal tariffs, except the baseline ones of 10%, for 90 days. |
| May 3 | A 25% tariff on auto parts takes effect. |
| May 8 | The U.S. and U.K. announce a framework for a trade agreement. |
| May 12 | The U.S. and China announce an agreement to reduce U.S. tariffs on China to 30% from 145%, and Chinese tariffs on the U.S. to 10% from 125% for 90 days from May 14. |
| May 28 | The U.S. Court of International Trade rules that Trump's reciprocal tariff orders exceed the authority granted to the president by law. |
| June 4 | Tariffs on steel and aluminum products are increased from 25% to 50%. |
| July 3 | The U.S. and Vietnam say they have reached agreement to lower tariffs. |
| July 8 | Trump extends tariff pause until Aug. 1, sets future tariff levels for Japan, South Korea and eight other Asian countries. |
| July 10 | New tariff rates set for Philippines, Sri Lanka and Brunei. |
| July 23 | Reduced "reciprocal" tariff rates announced for Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines, along with lower tariffs for auto and auto parts imports from Japan. |
| July 30 | Trump announces deals with South Korea and Pakistan, sets 25% "reciprocal" tariff rate for India. |
| July 31 | Tariff rates to take effect Aug. 7 set across rest of Asia, including 20% level for Taiwan. |
| Aug 11 | Trump signs executive order to extend tariff truce between U.S. and China until Nov. 10 |
| Oct 29 | U.S. and South Korea agree trade deal at APEC summit |
| Nov 11 | U.S. and China lower tariffs on each other after Trump-Xi summit in October |
Nikkei Asia has been reporting on the political, economic, and business impacts of Trump's trade policies, with a primary focus on Asia.
News from the U.S.
-- Global economy set to benefit as China, US ease trade conflict (Nov 11)
-- China and US simultaneously suspend port fees under trade war truce (Nov 10)
-- US-China trade truce extended for another 90 days (Aug 12)
News from Japan and South Korea
-- Japan automakers suffer $9.7bn impact from tariffs in 1st half (Nov 11)
-- Japan's trading houses talk up US investments in nod to Trump tariff deal (Nov 5)
-- US and South Korea agree to trade deal at APEC summit (Oct 29)
News from China, Hong Kong and Taiwan
-- Anti-dumping investigations against China risk new trade tension (Nov 11)
-- China exports decline unexpectedly for first time since February (Nov 7)
-- China finds leverage over Trump in trade talks with soybeans boycott (Nov 1)
News from Southeast Asia
-- Philippines and UAE apply to join CPTPP to counter Trump tariffs (Nov 4)
-- Trump's Malaysia, Cambodia deals link tariff cuts to political loyalty (Oct 30)
-- Vietnam maintains 'strong demand' as production base despite Trump tariffs (Oct 28)
News from South Asia
-- India's distressed farmers limit Modi's leeway in Trump trade talks (Nov 1)
-- Trump says he discussed 'world of trade' with India's Modi (Oct 22)
-- India's exports to US down 21% in wake of 50% tariff (Oct 18)











