TOKYO -- When Xi Jinping went out of his way to shake U.S. President Donald Trump's hand before a group photo at the recent Group of 20 summit, some saw it as a sign the unbending Chinese leader had been humbled.

While Xi Jinping and other world leaders were meeting in Osaka at the end of June, the Chinese navy was conducting drills in the South China Seas, pushing back against the U.S.'s freedom of navigation doctrine. (Nikkei Montage/Reuters/Getty Images)
'Missile test' around time of G-20 shows posturing to elders going to Beidaihe