Nobuko Kobayashi co-leads the Japan consumer practice of global strategy consultancy EY-Parthenon. Kyle Lawless is with EY Risk Consulting, focused on strategic risk and resilience.
Legal challenges add to uncertainty but trajectory is clear: higher trade barriers are here to stay

Ice cubes are offered as a relief from the summer heat for giant pandas at China's Chongqing Zoo on Aug. 5, 2025.
Nobuko Kobayashi co-leads the Japan consumer practice of global strategy consultancy EY-Parthenon. Kyle Lawless is with EY Risk Consulting, focused on strategic risk and resilience.